텐서플로 2.0 시작하기: 초보자용
2022. 12. 3. 20:42ㆍIT/AI
728x90
반응형
AI를 이용하기 위해서 텐서플로를 사용하기로 결정하고 본격적으로 알아가보기로 합니다.
저는 AI를 이용한 주식투자에 관심이 있습니다.
생각이 확장되는대로 한번 제가 공부해 가는 것을 여기에 올려가 보도록 하겠습니다.
텐서플로 2.0 시작하기: 초보자용
이걸 하려다 보니 일단 저는 환경이 윈도즈인데 WSL(윈도우에서 리눅스를 지원하는 환경)이 생겼고, 그 환경에서 텐서플로의 원활한 지원이 된다고 해서 먼저 WSL의 구축을 하였습니다. 저와는 다른 환경에 계신분들은 또 다른 방법으로 환경을 구축하시면 되겠습니다.
이 짧은 소개 글은 Keras를 사용하여 다음을 수행합니다.
- 사전에 빌드한 데이터세트를 로드합니다.
- 이미지를 분류하는 신경망 머신 러닝 모델을 빌드합니다.
- 이 신경망을 훈련합니다.
- 모델의 정확도를 평가합니다.
TensorFlow 설정하기
시작하려면 TensorFlow를 프로그램으로 가져옵니다.
import tensorflow as tf
print("TensorFlow version:", tf.__version__)
각 명령문의 실행결과는 아래쪽 이미지에 다 올려놓았습니다.
MNIST 데이터셋을 로드하여 준비합니다. 샘플 값을 정수에서 부동소수로 변환합니다:
참고: 자체 개발 환경을 사용하는 경우에 TensorFlow 2 패키지를 설치하려면 최신 pip로 업그레이드했는지 확인합니다. 자세한 내용은 설치 가이드를 참조합니다.
데이터세트 로드하기
MNIST 데이터세트를 로드하고 준비합니다. 샘플 데이터를 정수에서 부동 소수점 숫자로 변환합니다.
mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
(x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
머신 러닝 모델 빌드하기
층을 차례대로 쌓아 tf.keras.Sequential 모델을 만듭니다. 훈련에 사용할 옵티마이저(optimizer)와 손실 함수를 선택합니다:
모델의 구축에 대한 방법은 오늘 주제는 아닙니다. 오늘은 전반적으로 진행하는 방법에 대한 예시입니다.
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
])
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
metrics=['accuracy'])
[3]
predictions = model(x_train[:1]).numpy()
predictions
tf.nn.softmax 함수는 다음과 같이 이러한 로짓을 각 클래스에 대한 확률로 변환합니다.
tf.nn.softmax(predictions).numpy()
참고: tf.nn.softmax 함수를 네트워크의 마지막 레이어에 대한 활성화 함수로 베이킹할 수 있습니다. 이렇게 하면 모델 출력을 더 직접적으로 해석할 수 있지만 이 접근법은 소프트맥스 출력을 사용할 경우 모든 모델에 대해 정확하고 수치적으로 안정적인 손실 계산을 제공하는 것이 불가능하므로 권장하지 않습니다.
losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy를 사용하여 로짓의 벡터와 True 인덱스를 사용하고 각 예시에 대해 스칼라 손실을 반환하는 훈련용 손실 함수를 정의합니다.
loss_fn = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
이 손실은 실제 클래스의 음의 로그 확률과 같습니다. 모델이 올바른 클래스를 확신하는 경우 손실은 0입니다.
이 훈련되지 않은 모델은 무작위에 가까운 확률(각 클래스에 대해 1/10)을 제공하므로 초기 손실은 -tf.math.log(1/10) ~= 2.3에 근접해야 합니다.
loss_fn(y_train[:1], predictions).numpy()
훈련을 시작하기 전에 Keras Model.compile을 사용하여 모델을 구성하고 컴파일합니다. optimizer 클래스를 adam으로 설정하고 loss를 앞에서 정의한 loss_fn 함수로 설정합니다. metrics 매개변수를 accuracy로 설정하여 모델에 대해 평가할 메트릭을 지정합니다.
model.compile(optimizer='adam',
loss=loss_fn,
metrics=['accuracy'])
모델 훈련 및 평가하기
모델을 훈련하고 평가합니다:
model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
Model.evaluate 메서드는 일반적으로 "Validation-set" 또는 "Test-set"에서 모델 성능을 확인합니다.
훈련된 이미지 분류기는 이 데이터셋에서 약 98%의 정확도를 달성합니다.
모델이 확률을 반환하도록 하려면 다음과 같이 훈련된 모델을 래핑하고 여기에 소프트맥스를 첨부할 수 있습니다.
[ ]
[ ]
WSL 환경에서 실행한 결과
WINDOWS에서 WSL을 실행합니다.
WSL의 설치와 실행은 아래를 참고하세요
2022.12.03 - [IT] - WSL을 사용하여 Windows에 Linux 설치
WSL을 사용하여 Windows에 Linux 설치
그냥 윈도우에서 리눅스를 쓸수 있는 게 더 편해졌습니다. 저도 하다가 몇가지 시행착오가 있어서 여기 글을 올려놓습니다. ================================================== WSL(WSL 2)을 사용하여 Windows에 Li
iotnbigdata.tistory.com
2022.12.03 - [IT] - WSL/WSL 2 개발 환경 설정하기
WSL/WSL 2 개발 환경 설정하기
WSL에 대해서 조금 더 알아봅니다. ========================================== WSL 개발 환경을 설정하기 위한 모범 사례에 대한 단계별 가이드입니다. 명령을 실행하여 Ubuntu를 사용하거나 다른 Linux 배포를
iotnbigdata.tistory.com
이제 WSL을 실행합니다.
`PS C:\Users\boas9> wsl
one@DESKTOP-G28A5LG:/mnt/c/Users/boas9$ ls -al
total 1259132
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:43 .
dr-xr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:20 ..
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Nov 5 21:14 .android
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 00:55 .cache
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 00:55 .eclipse
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:23 .idlerc
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:41 .ipynb_checkpoints
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:41 .ipython
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 01:02 .lemminx
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 01:01 .m2
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 23 16:25 .vscode
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Jul 23 17:09 .vuerc
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 '3D Objects'
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:18 AppData
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 34 Dec 3 02:12 'Application Data' -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Contacts
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 62 Dec 3 02:12 Cookies -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Local/Microsoft/Windows/INetCookies
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:08 Desktop
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Documents
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 18:23 Downloads
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Favorites
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 16:34 IntelGraphicsProfiles
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Links
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Dec 3 02:12 'Local Settings' -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Local
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Music
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 28 Dec 3 02:12 'My Documents' -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/Documents
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 1835008 Dec 3 16:33 NTUSER.DAT
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 65536 Dec 3 02:12 NTUSER.DAT{62e8232f-7263-11ed-9e2c-e51e056272fb}.TM.blf
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 524288 Dec 3 02:12 NTUSER.DAT{62e8232f-7263-11ed-9e2c-e51e056272fb}.TMContainer00000000000000000001.regtrans-ms
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 524288 Dec 3 02:12 NTUSER.DAT{62e8232f-7263-11ed-9e2c-e51e056272fb}.TMContainer00000000000000000002.regtrans-ms
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 70 Dec 3 02:12 NetHood -> '/mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/Network Shortcuts'
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:42 OneDrive
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 17:27 Pictures
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 02:09 Postman
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 146333528 Jul 1 23:35 Postman-win64-9.22.2-Setup.exe
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 70 Dec 3 02:12 PrintHood -> '/mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/Printer Shortcuts'
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 59 Dec 3 02:12 Recent -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/Recent
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 'Saved Games'
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:42 Searches
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 59 Dec 3 02:12 SendTo -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/SendTo
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 62 Dec 3 02:12 Templates -> /mnt/c/Users/boas9/AppData/Roaming/Microsoft/Windows/Templates
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 2458 Dec 3 18:43 Untitled.ipynb
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Dec 3 02:41 Videos
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 518729147 Jul 3 20:48 eclipse-jee-2022-06-R-win32-x86_64.zip
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 159469568 Apr 9 2022 jdk-18_windows-x64_bin.msi
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 461000704 Jul 3 20:40 mysql-installer-community-8.0.29.0.msi
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 294912 Dec 3 02:12 ntuser.dat.LOG1
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 569344 Dec 3 02:12 ntuser.dat.LOG2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Dec 3 02:41 ntuser.ini
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4096 Jul 4 00:54 sts4
one@DESKTOP-G28A5LG:/mnt/c/Users/boas9$
> WSL 환경에 파이썬을 설치합니다.
one@DESKTOP-G28A5LG:/mnt/c/Users/boas9$ sudo apt-get install python3-pip
[sudo] password for one:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libfwupdplugin1 libxmlb1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential cpp cpp-9 dpkg-dev
fakeroot g++ g++-9 gcc gcc-9 gcc-9-base libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan5 libatomic1 libbinutils
libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libdpkg-perl
libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-9-dev libgomp1 libisl22
libitm1 liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev libquadmath0 libstdc++-9-dev
libtsan0 libubsan1 linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev python-pip-whl python3-dev
python3-wheel python3.8-dev zlib1g-dev
Suggested packages:
binutils-doc cpp-doc gcc-9-locales debian-keyring g++-multilib g++-9-multilib
gcc-9-doc gcc-multilib autoconf automake libtool flex bison gdb gcc-doc gcc-9-multilib
glibc-doc bzr libstdc++-9-doc make-doc
The following NEW packages will be installed:
binutils binutils-common binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu build-essential cpp cpp-9 dpkg-dev
fakeroot g++ g++-9 gcc gcc-9 gcc-9-base libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libasan5 libatomic1 libbinutils
libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev libctf-nobfd0 libctf0 libdpkg-perl
libexpat1-dev libfakeroot libfile-fcntllock-perl libgcc-9-dev libgomp1 libisl22
libitm1 liblsan0 libmpc3 libpython3-dev libpython3.8-dev libquadmath0 libstdc++-9-dev
libtsan0 libubsan1 linux-libc-dev make manpages-dev python-pip-whl python3-dev
python3-pip python3-wheel python3.8-dev zlib1g-dev
0 upgraded, 50 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 52.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 228 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 binutils-common amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [207 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libbinutils amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [474 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libctf-nobfd0 amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [47.4 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libctf0 amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [46.6 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [1613 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 binutils amd64 2.34-6ubuntu1.3 [3380 B]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libc-dev-bin amd64 2.31-0ubuntu9.9 [71.8 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 linux-libc-dev amd64 5.4.0-135.152 [1121 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libcrypt-dev amd64 1:4.4.10-10ubuntu4 [104 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libc6-dev amd64 2.31-0ubuntu9.9 [2519 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gcc-9-base amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [19.4 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libisl22 amd64 0.22.1-1 [592 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libmpc3 amd64 1.1.0-1 [40.8 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 cpp-9 amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [7500 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 cpp amd64 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 [27.6 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libcc1-0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [48.8 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgomp1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [102 kB]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libitm1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [26.2 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libatomic1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [9284 B]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libasan5 amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [2751 kB]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 liblsan0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [835 kB]
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtsan0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [2009 kB]
Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libubsan1 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [784 kB]
Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libquadmath0 amd64 10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04 [146 kB]
Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libgcc-9-dev amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [2359 kB]
Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 gcc-9 amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [8274 kB]
Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 gcc amd64 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 [5208 B]
Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libstdc++-9-dev amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [1722 kB]
Get:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 g++-9 amd64 9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1 [8420 kB]
Get:30 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 g++ amd64 4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2 [1604 B]
Get:31 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 make amd64 4.2.1-1.2 [162 kB]
Get:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libdpkg-perl all 1.19.7ubuntu3.2 [231 kB]
Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 dpkg-dev all 1.19.7ubuntu3.2 [679 kB]
Get:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 build-essential amd64 12.8ubuntu1.1 [4664 B]
Get:35 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libfakeroot amd64 1.24-1 [25.7 kB]
Get:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 fakeroot amd64 1.24-1 [62.6 kB]
Get:37 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-perl all 1.19.03-2 [46.6 kB]
Get:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl amd64 0.04-6 [11.3 kB]
Get:39 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libalgorithm-merge-perl all 0.08-3 [12.0 kB]
Get:40 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libexpat1-dev amd64 2.2.9-1ubuntu0.6 [116 kB]
Get:41 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libfile-fcntllock-perl amd64 0.22-3build4 [33.1 kB]
Get:42 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libpython3.8-dev amd64 3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5 [3951 kB]
Get:43 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libpython3-dev amd64 3.8.2-0ubuntu2 [7236 B]
Get:44 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 manpages-dev all 5.05-1 [2266 kB]
Get:45 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 python-pip-whl all 20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6 [1805 kB]
Get:46 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 zlib1g-dev amd64 1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.5 [155 kB]
Get:47 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 python3.8-dev amd64 3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5 [514 kB]
Get:48 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 python3-dev amd64 3.8.2-0ubuntu2 [1212 B]
Get:49 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 python3-wheel all 0.34.2-1 [23.8 kB]
Get:50 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 python3-pip all 20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6 [231 kB]
Fetched 52.2 MB in 21s (2476 kB/s)
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
Selecting previously unselected package binutils-common:amd64.
(Reading database ... 32636 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../00-binutils-common_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking binutils-common:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libbinutils:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../01-libbinutils_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libbinutils:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libctf-nobfd0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../02-libctf-nobfd0_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libctf-nobfd0:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libctf0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../03-libctf0_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libctf0:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu.
Preparing to unpack .../04-binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package binutils.
Preparing to unpack .../05-binutils_2.34-6ubuntu1.3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking binutils (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libc-dev-bin.
Preparing to unpack .../06-libc-dev-bin_2.31-0ubuntu9.9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc-dev-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package linux-libc-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../07-linux-libc-dev_5.4.0-135.152_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-libc-dev:amd64 (5.4.0-135.152) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcrypt-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../08-libcrypt-dev_1%3a4.4.10-10ubuntu4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcrypt-dev:amd64 (1:4.4.10-10ubuntu4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libc6-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../09-libc6-dev_2.31-0ubuntu9.9_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libc6-dev:amd64 (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gcc-9-base:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../10-gcc-9-base_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-9-base:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libisl22:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../11-libisl22_0.22.1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libisl22:amd64 (0.22.1-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libmpc3:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../12-libmpc3_1.1.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libmpc3:amd64 (1.1.0-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cpp-9.
Preparing to unpack .../13-cpp-9_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cpp-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cpp.
Preparing to unpack .../14-cpp_4%3a9.3.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking cpp (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libcc1-0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../15-libcc1-0_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcc1-0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgomp1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../16-libgomp1_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgomp1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libitm1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../17-libitm1_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libitm1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libatomic1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../18-libatomic1_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libatomic1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libasan5:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../19-libasan5_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libasan5:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package liblsan0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../20-liblsan0_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking liblsan0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libtsan0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../21-libtsan0_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libtsan0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libubsan1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../22-libubsan1_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libubsan1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libquadmath0:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../23-libquadmath0_10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libquadmath0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libgcc-9-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../24-libgcc-9-dev_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgcc-9-dev:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gcc-9.
Preparing to unpack .../25-gcc-9_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package gcc.
Preparing to unpack .../26-gcc_4%3a9.3.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking gcc (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libstdc++-9-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../27-libstdc++-9-dev_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libstdc++-9-dev:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package g++-9.
Preparing to unpack .../28-g++-9_9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking g++-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package g++.
Preparing to unpack .../29-g++_4%3a9.3.0-1ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking g++ (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package make.
Preparing to unpack .../30-make_4.2.1-1.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking make (4.2.1-1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libdpkg-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../31-libdpkg-perl_1.19.7ubuntu3.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libdpkg-perl (1.19.7ubuntu3.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package dpkg-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../32-dpkg-dev_1.19.7ubuntu3.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking dpkg-dev (1.19.7ubuntu3.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package build-essential.
Preparing to unpack .../33-build-essential_12.8ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking build-essential (12.8ubuntu1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfakeroot:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../34-libfakeroot_1.24-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfakeroot:amd64 (1.24-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package fakeroot.
Preparing to unpack .../35-fakeroot_1.24-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking fakeroot (1.24-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-diff-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../36-libalgorithm-diff-perl_1.19.03-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking libalgorithm-diff-perl (1.19.03-2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../37-libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl_0.04-6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl (0.04-6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libalgorithm-merge-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../38-libalgorithm-merge-perl_0.08-3_all.deb ...
Unpacking libalgorithm-merge-perl (0.08-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libexpat1-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../39-libexpat1-dev_2.2.9-1ubuntu0.6_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libexpat1-dev:amd64 (2.2.9-1ubuntu0.6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libfile-fcntllock-perl.
Preparing to unpack .../40-libfile-fcntllock-perl_0.22-3build4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libfile-fcntllock-perl (0.22-3build4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpython3.8-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../41-libpython3.8-dev_3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython3.8-dev:amd64 (3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpython3-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../42-libpython3-dev_3.8.2-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpython3-dev:amd64 (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package manpages-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../43-manpages-dev_5.05-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking manpages-dev (5.05-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python-pip-whl.
Preparing to unpack .../44-python-pip-whl_20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6_all.deb ...
Unpacking python-pip-whl (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6) ...
Selecting previously unselected package zlib1g-dev:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../45-zlib1g-dev_1%3a1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking zlib1g-dev:amd64 (1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3.8-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../46-python3.8-dev_3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3.8-dev (3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../47-python3-dev_3.8.2-0ubuntu2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking python3-dev (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-wheel.
Preparing to unpack .../48-python3-wheel_0.34.2-1_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-wheel (0.34.2-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package python3-pip.
Preparing to unpack .../49-python3-pip_20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-pip (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6) ...
Setting up manpages-dev (5.05-1) ...
Setting up libfile-fcntllock-perl (0.22-3build4) ...
Setting up libalgorithm-diff-perl (1.19.03-2) ...
Setting up binutils-common:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up linux-libc-dev:amd64 (5.4.0-135.152) ...
Setting up libctf-nobfd0:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up libgomp1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up python3-wheel (0.34.2-1) ...
Setting up libfakeroot:amd64 (1.24-1) ...
Setting up fakeroot (1.24-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/fakeroot-sysv to provide /usr/bin/fakeroot (fakeroot) in auto mode
Setting up make (4.2.1-1.2) ...
Setting up libquadmath0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up libmpc3:amd64 (1.1.0-1) ...
Setting up libatomic1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up libdpkg-perl (1.19.7ubuntu3.2) ...
Setting up libubsan1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up libcrypt-dev:amd64 (1:4.4.10-10ubuntu4) ...
Setting up libisl22:amd64 (0.22.1-1) ...
Setting up python-pip-whl (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6) ...
Setting up libbinutils:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up libc-dev-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
Setting up libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl (0.04-6) ...
Setting up libcc1-0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up liblsan0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up libitm1:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up gcc-9-base:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up libalgorithm-merge-perl (0.08-3) ...
Setting up libtsan0:amd64 (10.3.0-1ubuntu1~20.04) ...
Setting up libctf0:amd64 (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up libasan5:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up python3-pip (20.0.2-5ubuntu1.6) ...
Setting up cpp-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up libc6-dev:amd64 (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
Setting up binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up binutils (2.34-6ubuntu1.3) ...
Setting up dpkg-dev (1.19.7ubuntu3.2) ...
Setting up libgcc-9-dev:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up libexpat1-dev:amd64 (2.2.9-1ubuntu0.6) ...
Setting up libpython3.8-dev:amd64 (3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5) ...
Setting up zlib1g-dev:amd64 (1:1.2.11.dfsg-2ubuntu1.5) ...
Setting up cpp (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
Setting up gcc-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up libpython3-dev:amd64 (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Setting up libstdc++-9-dev:amd64 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up gcc (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
Setting up g++-9 (9.4.0-1ubuntu1~20.04.1) ...
Setting up python3.8-dev (3.8.10-0ubuntu1~20.04.5) ...
Setting up g++ (4:9.3.0-1ubuntu2) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/g++ to provide /usr/bin/c++ (c++) in auto mode
Setting up build-essential (12.8ubuntu1.1) ...
Setting up python3-dev (3.8.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
WSL 환경에 텐서플로를 설치합니다.
one@DESKTOP-G28A5LG:/mnt/c/Users/boas9$ python3 -m pip install tensorflow
Collecting tensorflow
Downloading tensorflow-2.11.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (588.3 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 588.3 MB 70 kB/s
Collecting protobuf<3.20,>=3.9.2
Downloading protobuf-3.19.6-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (1.1 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.1 MB 9.2 MB/s
Collecting tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11
Downloading tensorboard-2.11.0-py3-none-any.whl (6.0 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 6.0 MB 55.8 MB/s
Collecting keras<2.12,>=2.11.0
Downloading keras-2.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.7 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 1.7 MB 10.2 MB/s
Collecting tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem>=0.23.1; platform_machine != "arm64" or platform_system != "Darwin"
Downloading tensorflow_io_gcs_filesystem-0.28.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (2.4 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 2.4 MB 68.1 MB/s
Collecting typing-extensions>=3.6.6
Downloading typing_extensions-4.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (26 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.12.0 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from tensorflow) (1.14.0)
Collecting google-pasta>=0.1.1
Downloading google_pasta-0.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (57 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 57 kB 6.2 MB/s
Collecting flatbuffers>=2.0
Downloading flatbuffers-22.11.23-py2.py3-none-any.whl (26 kB)
Collecting astunparse>=1.6.0
Downloading astunparse-1.6.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (12 kB)
Collecting grpcio<2.0,>=1.24.3
Downloading grpcio-1.51.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (4.8 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 4.8 MB 40.8 MB/s
Collecting absl-py>=1.0.0
Downloading absl_py-1.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (124 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 124 kB 37.0 MB/s
Collecting opt-einsum>=2.3.2
Downloading opt_einsum-3.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (65 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 65 kB 4.5 MB/s
Collecting tensorflow-estimator<2.12,>=2.11.0
Downloading tensorflow_estimator-2.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (439 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 439 kB 9.8 MB/s
Collecting h5py>=2.9.0
Downloading h5py-3.7.0-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_12_x86_64.manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (4.5 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 4.5 MB 54.4 MB/s
Collecting numpy>=1.20
Downloading numpy-1.23.5-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (17.1 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 17.1 MB 14.7 MB/s
Collecting packaging
Downloading packaging-21.3-py3-none-any.whl (40 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 40 kB 7.5 MB/s
Collecting wrapt>=1.11.0
Downloading wrapt-1.14.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (81 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 81 kB 11.1 MB/s
Collecting termcolor>=1.1.0
Downloading termcolor-2.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (6.2 kB)
Collecting gast<=0.4.0,>=0.2.1
Downloading gast-0.4.0-py3-none-any.whl (9.8 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from tensorflow) (45.2.0)
Collecting libclang>=13.0.0
Downloading libclang-14.0.6-py2.py3-none-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (14.1 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 14.1 MB 78.1 MB/s
Collecting werkzeug>=1.0.1
Downloading Werkzeug-2.2.2-py3-none-any.whl (232 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 232 kB 50.8 MB/s
Collecting google-auth<3,>=1.6.3
Downloading google_auth-2.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (177 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 177 kB 67.5 MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: wheel>=0.26 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (0.34.2)
Collecting tensorboard-plugin-wit>=1.6.0
Downloading tensorboard_plugin_wit-1.8.1-py3-none-any.whl (781 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 781 kB 38.1 MB/s
Collecting markdown>=2.6.8
Downloading Markdown-3.4.1-py3-none-any.whl (93 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 93 kB 2.4 MB/s
Collecting google-auth-oauthlib<0.5,>=0.4.1
Downloading google_auth_oauthlib-0.4.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl (18 kB)
Collecting tensorboard-data-server<0.7.0,>=0.6.0
Downloading tensorboard_data_server-0.6.1-py3-none-manylinux2010_x86_64.whl (4.9 MB)
|████████████████████████████████| 4.9 MB 42.1 MB/s
Requirement already satisfied: requests<3,>=2.21.0 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (2.22.0)
Collecting pyparsing!=3.0.5,>=2.0.2
Downloading pyparsing-3.0.9-py3-none-any.whl (98 kB)
|████████████████████████████████| 98 kB 9.4 MB/s
Collecting MarkupSafe>=2.1.1
Downloading MarkupSafe-2.1.1-cp38-cp38-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl (25 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pyasn1-modules>=0.2.1 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from google-auth<3,>=1.6.3->tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (0.2.1)
Collecting rsa<5,>=3.1.4; python_version >= "3.6"
Downloading rsa-4.9-py3-none-any.whl (34 kB)
Collecting cachetools<6.0,>=2.0.0
Downloading cachetools-5.2.0-py3-none-any.whl (9.3 kB)
Collecting importlib-metadata>=4.4; python_version < "3.10"
Downloading importlib_metadata-5.1.0-py3-none-any.whl (21 kB)
Collecting requests-oauthlib>=0.7.0
Downloading requests_oauthlib-1.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (23 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pyasn1>=0.1.3 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from rsa<5,>=3.1.4; python_version >= "3.6"->google-auth<3,>=1.6.3->tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (0.4.2)
Requirement already satisfied: zipp>=0.5 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from importlib-metadata>=4.4; python_version < "3.10"->markdown>=2.6.8->tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (1.0.0)
Requirement already satisfied: oauthlib>=3.0.0 in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from requests-oauthlib>=0.7.0->google-auth-oauthlib<0.5,>=0.4.1->tensorboard<2.12,>=2.11->tensorflow) (3.1.0)
Installing collected packages: protobuf, MarkupSafe, werkzeug, grpcio, rsa, cachetools, google-auth, tensorboard-plugin-wit, absl-py, importlib-metadata, markdown, requests-oauthlib, google-auth-oauthlib, tensorboard-data-server, numpy, tensorboard, keras, tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem, typing-extensions, google-pasta, flatbuffers, astunparse, opt-einsum, tensorflow-estimator, h5py, pyparsing, packaging, wrapt, termcolor, gast, libclang, tensorflow
WARNING: The scripts pyrsa-decrypt, pyrsa-encrypt, pyrsa-keygen, pyrsa-priv2pub, pyrsa-sign and pyrsa-verify are installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The script markdown_py is installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The script google-oauthlib-tool is installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The scripts f2py, f2py3 and f2py3.8 are installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The script tensorboard is installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
WARNING: The scripts estimator_ckpt_converter, import_pb_to_tensorboard, saved_model_cli, tensorboard, tf_upgrade_v2, tflite_convert, toco and toco_from_protos are installed in '/home/one/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
Consider adding this directory to PATH or, if you prefer to suppress this warning, use --no-warn-script-location.
Successfully installed MarkupSafe-2.1.1 absl-py-1.3.0 astunparse-1.6.3 cachetools-5.2.0 flatbuffers-22.11.23 gast-0.4.0 google-auth-2.15.0 google-auth-oauthlib-0.4.6 google-pasta-0.2.0 grpcio-1.51.1 h5py-3.7.0 importlib-metadata-5.1.0 keras-2.11.0 libclang-14.0.6 markdown-3.4.1 numpy-1.23.5 opt-einsum-3.3.0 packaging-21.3 protobuf-3.19.6 pyparsing-3.0.9 requests-oauthlib-1.3.1 rsa-4.9 tensorboard-2.11.0 tensorboard-data-server-0.6.1 tensorboard-plugin-wit-1.8.1 tensorflow-2.11.0 tensorflow-estimator-2.11.0 tensorflow-io-gcs-filesystem-0.28.0 termcolor-2.1.1 typing-extensions-4.4.0 werkzeug-2.2.2 wrapt-1.14.1
> 파이썬을 실행합니다.
one@DESKTOP-G28A5LG:/mnt/c/Users/boas9$ python3
Python 3.8.10 (default, Jun 22 2022, 20:18:18)
[GCC 9.4.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
위 예제 문장들을 차례대로 실행하고 결과값을 확인합니다.
>>> import tensorflow as tf
2022-12-03 18:55:49.020539: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:193] This TensorFlow binary is optimized with oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) to use the following CPU instructions in performance-critical operations: AVX2 AVX512F AVX512_VNNI FMA
To enable them in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.
2022-12-03 18:55:49.132243: I tensorflow/core/util/port.cc:104] oneDNN custom operations are on. You may see slightly different numerical results due to floating-point round-off errors from different computation orders. To turn them off, set the environment variable `TF_ENABLE_ONEDNN_OPTS=0`.
2022-12-03 18:55:49.136025: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libcudart.so.11.0'; dlerror: libcudart.so.11.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-03 18:55:49.136071: I tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cudart_stub.cc:29] Ignore above cudart dlerror if you do not have a GPU set up on your machine.
2022-12-03 18:55:49.739860: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-03 18:55:49.739943: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libnvinfer_plugin.so.7'; dlerror: libnvinfer_plugin.so.7: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-03 18:55:49.739950: W tensorflow/compiler/tf2tensorrt/utils/py_utils.cc:38] TF-TRT Warning: Cannot dlopen some TensorRT libraries. If you would like to use Nvidia GPU with TensorRT, please make sure the missing libraries mentioned above are installed properly.
>>> print("TensorFlow version:", tf.__version__)
TensorFlow version: 2.11.0
>>> mnist = tf.keras.datasets.mnist
>>> (x_train, y_train), (x_test, y_test) = mnist.load_data()
Downloading data from https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/tf-keras-datasets/mnist.npz
11490434/11490434 [==============================] - 0s 0us/step
>>> x_train, x_test = x_train / 255.0, x_test / 255.0
>>> model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
... tf.keras.layers.Flatten(input_shape=(28, 28)),
... tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
... tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.2),
... tf.keras.layers.Dense(10, activation='softmax')
... ])
2022-12-03 19:06:19.863517: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:64] Could not load dynamic library 'libcuda.so.1'; dlerror: libcuda.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
2022-12-03 19:06:19.863564: W tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_driver.cc:265] failed call to cuInit: UNKNOWN ERROR (303)
2022-12-03 19:06:19.863579: I tensorflow/compiler/xla/stream_executor/cuda/cuda_diagnostics.cc:156] kernel driver does not appear to be running on this host (DESKTOP-G28A5LG): /proc/driver/nvidia/version does not exist
2022-12-03 19:06:19.863798: I tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:193] This TensorFlow binary is optimized with oneAPI Deep Neural Network Library (oneDNN) to use the following CPU instructions in performance-critical operations: AVX2 AVX512F AVX512_VNNI FMA
To enable them in other operations, rebuild TensorFlow with the appropriate compiler flags.
>>> model.compile(optimizer='adam',
... loss='sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
... metrics=['accuracy'])
>>> model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
Epoch 1/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 2ms/step - loss: 0.2943 - accuracy: 0.9144
Epoch 2/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 2ms/step - loss: 0.1424 - accuracy: 0.9574
Epoch 3/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 4s 2ms/step - loss: 0.1085 - accuracy: 0.9665
Epoch 4/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 4s 2ms/step - loss: 0.0895 - accuracy: 0.9718
Epoch 5/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 3ms/step - loss: 0.0753 - accuracy: 0.9759
<keras.callbacks.History object at 0x7fe6ac7e42e0>
>>> model.fit(x_train, y_train, epochs=5)
.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=2)Epoch 1/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 3ms/step - loss: 0.0657 - accuracy: 0.9792
Epoch 2/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 4s 2ms/step - loss: 0.0589 - accuracy: 0.9809
Epoch 3/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 3ms/step - loss: 0.0536 - accuracy: 0.9826
Epoch 4/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 3ms/step - loss: 0.0494 - accuracy: 0.9837
Epoch 5/5
1875/1875 [==============================] - 5s 3ms/step - loss: 0.0448 - accuracy: 0.9852
<keras.callbacks.History object at 0x7fe6584afc10>
>>>
>>> model.evaluate(x_test, y_test, verbose=2)
313/313 - 1s - loss: 0.0738 - accuracy: 0.9785 - 503ms/epoch - 2ms/step
[0.07380447536706924, 0.9785000085830688]
>>> probability_model = tf.keras.Sequential([
... model,
... tf.keras.layers.Softmax()
... ])
>>> probability_model(x_test[:5])
<tf.Tensor: shape=(5, 10), dtype=float32, numpy=
array([[0.08533678, 0.08533677, 0.08533684, 0.08533688, 0.08533677,
0.08533677, 0.08533677, 0.23196891, 0.08533677, 0.08533679],
[0.08533682, 0.08533734, 0.23196809, 0.08533682, 0.08533682,
0.08533682, 0.08533682, 0.08533682, 0.08533682, 0.08533682],
[0.08534653, 0.2318142 , 0.08534732, 0.08534654, 0.08534744,
0.08534654, 0.08534655, 0.08541019, 0.08534808, 0.08534655],
[0.231831 , 0.08534548, 0.0854026 , 0.08534565, 0.08534549,
0.08534551, 0.08534762, 0.08534563, 0.08534551, 0.08534557],
[0.08533975, 0.08533959, 0.08533959, 0.08533959, 0.2319243 ,
0.08533959, 0.0853396 , 0.08534116, 0.08533959, 0.08535728]],
dtype=float32)>
여러분의 발전을 기원합니다.
728x90
반응형
'IT > AI' 카테고리의 다른 글
| tf.keras를 사용하기 위해 알아야 할 오픈소스 2가지 (0) | 2022.12.03 |
|---|---|
| TensorFlow 툴킷 계층 구조 (0) | 2022.12.03 |
| AI 도구 및 프레임워크 목록 (0) | 2022.11.05 |
| 텐서플로 허브(TensorFlow Hub) 와 전이학습(Transfer Learning) (0) | 2021.05.15 |
| 시각화로 컨볼루션 네트워크 이해 (0) | 2021.05.15 |